The wall of the left ventricle is _____ than the wall of the right ventricle because the left ventricle is _____.
thicker; must pump blood to the entire body
thicker; must pump more blood than the right ventricle
thinner; pumps less blood than the right ventricle
thinner; pumps oxygenated blood which requires less work than pumping deoxygenated
Which of these joints is least movable?
fibrous
synostosis
symphysis
diarthrosis
cartilaginous
Which of the following is NOT a component of the appendicular skeleton?
upper limb bones
lower limb bones
the pectoral girdle
the pelvic girdle
ribs
Which of the following types of muscle tissue is voluntarily controlled?
skeletal
visceral
smooth
cardiac
b & c
Which statement most accurately describes veins?
All ultimately empty into the inferior vena cava.
They always carry deoxygenated blood.
Their tunica interna is thicker than an artery's.
Their tunica externa is thicker than an artery's.
Collectively, they typically hold more of the body's blood than do arteries.
All other factors remaining constant, dilation of a metarteriole would _____.
increase blood flow into the receiving venule
increase blood flow into its associated capillary bed
decrease blood flow into its thoroughfare channel
a & b
a, b & c
The only secondary lymphatic organ with both afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels is _____.
the spleen
a lymph node
a tonsil
the thymus
red bone marrow
The coronary circulation _____.
is characterized by multiple arterial anastomoses
receives blood directly from the base of the pulmonary trunk
returns its blood to the left atrium
a & b
a, b & c
Repair of a ventricular septal defect (a hole in the interventricular septum) requires open-heart surgery. Which of the following correctly sequences the structures the surgeon must penetrate to reach the right ventricle and close the opening?
Abduction at the knee joint is prevented primarily by the _____.
oblique popliteal ligament
arcuate popliteal ligament
medial collateral ligament
lateral collateral ligament
patellar ligament
Backward gliding of the tibia on the femur is prevented primarily by the _____.
anterior cruciate ligament
posterior cruciate ligament
lateral meniscus
medial meniscus
prepatellar bursa
Excessive lateral curvature of the vertebral column is termed _____.
stenosis
lordosis
kyphosis
scoliosis
leanoverosis
Primary vertebral curves are _____, whereas secondary curves are _____.
cervical & thoracic; lumbar & sacral
thoracic & lumbar; cervical & sacral
thoracic & sacral; cervical & lumbar
cervical & sacral; thoracic & lumbar
cervical & lumbar; thoracic & sacral
Hyperplasia is a normal ability of _____ muscle.
skeletal
cardiac
smooth
striated
none of the previous
Which of the following fascicular arrangements is NOT found in your body?
fusiform
circular
triangular
deltoid
unipennate
Motor units can be found in _____ muscle.
skeletal
cardiac
smooth
a & b
a & c
A patent foramen ovale is a neonatal condition in which the foramen ovale fails to close at birth. You would expect such a condition to result in _____.
increased blood flow out of the left ventricle
reduced blood flow to the pulmonary trunk
increased blood flow through the tricuspid valve
a & b
a, b & c
The movie Osmosis Jones stars an unconventional white blood cell “cop” traveling throughout Bill Murray’s body in search of an elusive, deadly pathogen. If Osmosis started out in the large intestine on the left side of Bill’s body, which of the following is the anatomically correct (though not necessarily complete) route to catch the virus hiding in the heart?
superior mesenteric vein; hepatic vein; splenic vein; inferior vena cava
Later, Osmosis finds himself crawling on hands & knees (or what passes for them on a WBC) single-file behind a line of erythrocytes through a tortuous endothelial tube with gaping intercellular clefts and an incomplete basement membrane. He is most likely in a _____ in the _____.
lacteal; small intestine
sinusoid; spleen
fenestrated capillary; kidney
lymph capillary; brain
continuous capillary; liver
After a rough day of chasing pathogens, Osmosis longs for the days when he was just an adolescent T cell going to school in the _____, which is considered a _____ lymph organ.
thymus; primary
thymus; secondary
red bone marrow; primary
red bone marrow; secondary
spleen; primary
Fibrous connective tissue trabeculae can be found in the _____. 1. right ventricle 2. left ventricle 3. spleen 4. red bone marrow 5. lymph nodes
1 & 2
3 & 5
1 only
3 only
all five
The azygos system _____.
is the primary source of oxygenated blood to the thoracic wall
serves primarily to return thoracic blood to the inferior vena cava
receives three lymph ducts from the upper right side of the body
drains into the cisterna chyli
receives blood from intercostal veins
Superficial groups of lymph nodes are located _____.
on top of thoracic organs
on top of abdominal organs
in the hypodermis
a & b
a, b & c
Closure of the bicuspid valve prevents passage of blood from the _____.
right ventricle to the right atrium
left ventricle to the left atrium
aorta to the left ventricle
right atrium to the left atrium
pulmonary trunk to the right ventricle
The anterior interventricular sulcus marks the division between the _____.
right atrium and right ventricle
left atrium and left ventricle
right atrium and left atrium
right ventricle and left ventricle
a & b
Standing on tiptoes requires _____; turning your soles inward requires _____.
pronation; supination
plantarflexion; inversion
dorsiflexion; eversion
hyperextension; rotation
supination; protraction
In muscle, thick filaments are primarily _____ and thin filaments are primarily _____.
actin; myosin
actin; elastin
actin; titan
myosin; titan
None of the previous
Epimysium surrounds a _____.
fascicle
myofibril
myofilament
myofiber
none of the previous
When you throw a ball, muscles in your back stabilize the scapula, holding it in position so that you may throw more accurately. Those scapular muscles are best termed _____.
prime movers
agonists
antagonists
fixators
synergists
If you disarticulated the vertebral column of one of our lab skeletons, you would typically end up with ____ pieces.
35
33
31
29
26
The joint between adjacent vertebral superior and inferior articular processes is classified as a _____ joint, while the joint between adjacent vertebral bodies is classified as a _____ joint.
synovial planar; cartilaginous
cartilaginous; fibrous
fibrous; synovial planar
synovial planar; fibrous
cartilaginous; synovial planar
Papillary muscles attach to atrioventricular cusps via the _____.
semilunar valves
pectinate muscles
chordae tendineae
ligamentum arteriosum
trabeculae carneae
The fibrous skeleton of the heart _____.
electrically insulates the atria from the ventricles
is an extension of the fibrous pericardium
forms the chordae tendineae and serous pericardium
is located in the interventricular septum
prevents eversion of the atrioventricular valves into the atria when ventricles contract