History 1123


Europe and the Beginnings of the Atlantic World, c. 1350-1500 C.E.



I. Changes in Society, 1350-1500

 

A. A Society of Competing Corporate Groups

 

1.  estates

a. landowners






b. clergy





c. town-dwellers





d. peasants


 

2. The Black Death (1348-1353)

a. serfs vs. free tenants




 

b. wealthy peasants vs.  cottagers and the landless







3. Trade, Craft Production, and "New" Ideas About the World


a. Corporate Groups and Specialization


1. patricians & citizens






2. merchant & craft guilds






3. universities & confraternities





  b. Renaissance












B. States, Armies and Taxes

1. England, France, and Portugal






2. Milan, Florence, Venice





3. Spain






II. Consolidation of State Power and Knowledge in Europe, c. 1100-1500

  A. Leaving Europe

       1. Motives

a. Profit





b. "National" Pride





c. Spread Christianity


 



       2. First Steps of State-Led Exploration



a. The Emergence of Ultramarine Portugal






b. The Rise of Maritime Spain




c. Consolidation?



      




Key Terms:

Cicero (106-43 B.C.E.): De re publica
Niccoló Machiavelli (1469-1527)
Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519)
100 Years' War (1337-1453)
Prester John
Ceuta
Prince Henry the Navigator (1394-1460)
Vasco Da Gama (1460-1524)
Ferdinand of Aragon (1479-1516)
Isabella of Castile (1474-1504)
Christopher Columbus (1451-1506)
Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494