History 1113



Informal Writing #4

In Worlds of History as well as in class we have had occasion to discuss the emergence of Islam and the first Islamic empire.  As part of that discussion the attitudes and policies of Muslims and Muslim leaders towards non-Muslims within their societies, the dhimmis, have come in for consideration.  If we look at the records available to us in the course materials (World of History, pp. 250-260; Muslim Policy for Non-Muslims: http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/pact-umar.html
), a complicated picture emerges.  What, on balance, do you think the attitudes and the policies in question were designed to achieve?  In making your evaluation you may find it helpful to examine Jerry Bentley's essay on the spread of religions in Worlds of History, pp. 224-233 as well as the materials on Islam and portable religions in The Human Web, pp. 88-94, 103-108.  Also be sure to take into account all of the relevant sources and support your arguments and conclusions with primary source-based evidence.


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