A Conjunction connects words, phrases, or clauses.

Coordinating conjunctions (and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet) join two or more grammatically equivalent structures.

1.    And, but, yet, and or can join structures of any kind: two or more nouns, pronouns, verbs,
        adjectives, adverbs, phrases, or clauses.
                Toast and jam are common breakfast staples. (nouns)
                We sing and dance often at family reunions. (verbs)
                Colors become muted and subdued as fall fades into winter. (adjectives)
                My father hunts for fun, and my mother enjoys racquetball. (Independent clauses)

2.    As coordinating conjunctions, for and so can connect only independent clauses.
                It rains often in Seattle, so we always pack umbrellas.
                Diedre buys plenty of food, for she has three teenage sons.

Correlative Conjunctions function in pairs, joining equivalent grammatical structures.
                both . . . and
                either . . . or
                neither . . . nor
                not only . . . but (also)
                whether . . . or

Subordinating conjunctions begin one type of dependent clause, known as the adverb clause.
                Even theough we were early, the movie started late.
                Ryan waited in line while the clerk counted the woman's pennies.